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Related Experiment Videos

Cleft lip in the Talmud.

M Westreich1, S Segal

  • 1Department of Plastic Surgery, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Sackler School of Medicine, Zrifin, Israel.

Annals of Plastic Surgery
|September 15, 2000
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Cleft lip is not mentioned in the Talmud, but the "Sandal deformity" may encompass it. This ancient text could hold the earliest reference to cleft lip, potentially linked to twin gestation.

Area of Science:

  • Medical History
  • Genetics
  • Embryology

Background:

  • The Talmud details numerous congenital anomalies but omits cleft lip.
  • Cleft lip is a common major facial defect, presumed to exist during the Talmudic period.

Observation:

  • The Talmud describes a "Sandal deformity" resembling the Sandal fish.
  • This deformity is theorized to be a grouping of conditions with a common etiology.

Findings:

  • The Sandal deformity likely included cleft lip, aborted tissues, and products of gestation.
  • A shared etiology of twin gestation, causing fetal compression, is proposed for the Sandal deformity.
  • The Sandal deformity was considered fatal, with affected infants not surviving.

Implications:

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  • If confirmed, the Sandal deformity represents the earliest known historical reference to cleft lip.
  • The Talmudic text suggests cleft lip infants may have been considered nonviable under Jewish law, leading to their non-survival.