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Homicide by firearms in two Scandinavian capitals.
H P Hougen1, S Rogde, K Poulsen
1Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. hougen@forensic.ku.dk
The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology
|September 16, 2000
Summary
Firearm homicides in Oslo and Copenhagen remained stable between 1985-1994, with distinct patterns for male and female victims. Most victims were adults, and alcohol was rarely a factor in these firearm-related deaths.
Area of Science:
- Forensic Pathology
- Criminology
- Public Health
Background:
- Firearm homicides represent a significant portion of violent deaths.
- Understanding demographic and situational factors is crucial for prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze trends and characteristics of firearm homicides in Oslo and Copenhagen from 1985 to 1994.
- To identify differences in victim demographics, weapon types, locations, and motives between male and female victims.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of registered firearm homicides.
- Data collection on victim demographics, autopsy findings (including blood alcohol content), weapon type, incident location, and circumstances.
- Statistical examination of yearly trends and comparative analysis between genders.
Main Results:
- 83 firearm homicides occurred between 1985-1994 (19.3% of all homicides).
- Victims aged 20-50, 58% male, 42% female; yearly numbers ranged from 4-15 without a clear trend.
- Female victims: typically domestic, shotgun, by spouse, due to jealousy/arguments. Male victims: diverse locations, handgun, varied motives.
- Most victims shot in the head; alcohol rarely detected.
Conclusions:
- Firearm homicide rates were stable during the study period.
- Distinct patterns exist for male and female firearm homicide victims, suggesting different underlying social and relational dynamics.
- The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions addressing domestic violence and interpersonal conflicts involving firearms.