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Angle-resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy At Ultra-low Temperatures

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Spectroscopic evidence for unconventional superconductivity in UBe13

Walti¹, Ott, Fisk

¹Laboratorium fur Festkorperphysik, ETH-Honggerberg, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.

Physical Review Letters

|September 16, 2000

Summary

Measurements of UBe13-Au contacts reveal low-energy Andreev surface bound states, indicating strong coupling effects in this superconductor. These findings are crucial for understanding unconventional superconductivity.

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Area of Science:

Condensed Matter Physics
Materials Science
Superconductivity

Background:

Uranium beryllium (UBe13) is a heavy fermion superconductor.
Understanding the nature of its superconducting state, particularly the energy gap, is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the superconducting properties of UBe13-Au contacts.
To identify the presence and characteristics of low-energy bound states.

Main Methods:

Differential conductivity (G) measurements of UBe13-Au contacts.
Analysis of the voltage dependence of conductivity at temperatures below the critical temperature (T < Tc).

Main Results:

Observed huge conductance peaks at zero bias, indicative of low-energy Andreev surface bound states.
Established a lower limit for the normalized energy gap: 2Δ(0) / kBTc > 6.7.
These results significantly exceed the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) weak coupling value of 3.5.

Conclusions:

The presence of Andreev surface bound states confirms nontrivial energy-gap functions in UBe13.
The large normalized energy gap strongly suggests strong coupling effects in superconducting UBe13.
These findings contribute to the understanding of unconventional superconductivity in heavy fermion systems.