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Related Experiment Videos

Polystyrene microsphere spray standards based on CFC-free inhaler technology.

C Vervaet1, P R Byron

  • 1Aerosol Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298, USA.

Journal of Aerosol Medicine : the Official Journal of the International Society for Aerosols in Medicine
|September 30, 2000
PubMed
Summary

This study developed reproducible polystyrene microsphere (PSM) aerosols for calibrating metered dose inhalers (MDIs). The formulations, using ethanol and HFA 134a, generated consistent PSM dispersions for device testing.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Technology
  • Aerosol Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Metered dose inhalers (MDIs) require reliable calibration standards.
  • Developing stable and reproducible aerosol formulations is crucial for MDI performance evaluation.
  • Polystyrene microspheres (PSM) are suitable model particles for aerosol studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To formulate stable suspensions of polystyrene microspheres (PSM) in a metered dose inhaler (MDI) propellant system.
  • To characterize the aerosol properties of these PSM suspensions.
  • To assess the suitability of these formulations as calibration standards for MDIs.

Main Methods:

  • Formulating suspensions of PSM (3, 5, and 8 microns) in 5% ethanol/HFA 134a.
  • Using sonication and specific metering valves/actuators for aerosol generation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analyzing PSM dispersion characteristics and adhesion properties.
  • Evaluating formulation stability over 6 months of storage.

    • Main Results:

    • Actuation produced PSM dispersions in air with >98% singlets for all tested sizes.
    • Spray characteristics were influenced by PSM concentration, size, source, and actuator dimensions.
    • Microsphere adhesion to container surfaces was reversible by sonication but not by surfactants.
    • Reproducible aerosols with known aerodynamic properties were generated over 6 months.

    Conclusions:

    • Stable and reproducible PSM aerosols can be formulated for MDI calibration.
    • Sonication is effective in managing microsphere adhesion within the MDI container.
    • These formulations provide a valuable tool for standardizing MDI aerosol characterization.