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Noncausal time response in frustrated total internal reflection?

Carey1, Zawadzka, Jaroszynski

  • 1Femtosecond Research Centre, Department of Physics and Applied Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters
|October 4, 2000
PubMed
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Photon tunneling in frustrated total internal reflection was studied using femtosecond pulses. While phase and energy appear to travel faster than light, signal propagation is limited by beam spreading.

Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Photonics
  • Wave propagation

Background:

  • Frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR) is a phenomenon where light can tunnel through a barrier.
  • Understanding light propagation dynamics is crucial for optical technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate photon tunneling in FTIR using time-domain measurements.
  • To analyze the propagation characteristics of femtosecond pulses in an air gap.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental study of frustrated total internal reflection.
  • Time-domain measurements using single-cycle femtosecond pulses.
  • Theoretical analysis of electromagnetic wave propagation.

Main Results:

  • Observed superluminal (faster-than-light) travel of pulse phase and energy.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Theoretical analysis revealed a noncausal time-response function for electromagnetic waves in the air gap.
  • Diffractive spreading of the signal beam was identified as a limiting factor.

    • Conclusions:

    • While apparent superluminal phase and energy propagation occurs in FTIR, true signal propagation faster than light is not possible.
    • Diffractive effects prevent superluminal signal transmission in this experimental setup.