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Related Experiment Videos

Homocysteine elevation in sickle cell disease.

E A Lowenthal1, M S Mayo, P E Cornwell

  • 1Division of Nephrology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35233-6959, USA.

Journal of the American College of Nutrition
|October 7, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Patients with sickle cell disease have higher homocysteine levels, a risk factor for vascular issues. This occurs despite higher folate intake, suggesting increased folic acid needs in this population.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Nutritional Biochemistry
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Sickle cell disease (SCD) is associated with frequent ischemic complications.
  • Hyperhomocysteinemia is a known risk factor for atherosclerosis and venous thrombosis.
  • Elevated homocysteine may contribute to SCD-related ischemic events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate plasma homocysteine concentrations in adults with sickle cell disease.
  • To determine if SCD patients have higher homocysteine levels compared to healthy controls.
  • To explore the relationship between homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B12 in SCD.

Main Methods:

  • Plasma homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folate levels were measured.
  • Study included 49 adults with SCD and 16 healthy Black controls.

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  • All SCD patients received daily folic acid supplementation (1 mg).

    • Main Results:

    • SCD patients exhibited approximately 1.5-fold higher median plasma homocysteine levels (p=0.0008).
    • Elevated homocysteine persisted even after excluding patients with renal insufficiency.
    • Plasma folate levels were also 1.5-fold higher in SCD patients (p=0.0498).
    • No significant differences in vitamin B12 or homocysteine levels between transfused and non-transfused SCD patients were observed.

    Conclusions:

    • Patients with sickle cell disease have elevated plasma homocysteine despite higher folate levels.
    • This suggests a potentially higher nutritional requirement for folic acid in SCD.
    • Increased folate intake may be necessary to normalize homocysteine levels in this population.