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Feline infectious peritonitis.

S E Andrew1

  • 1Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice
|October 18, 2000
PubMed
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Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a severe viral disease in cats. Ocular signs like uveitis are common in noneffusive FIP, with corticosteroids offering palliative care.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a global, incurable viral disease in cats.
  • Feline coronavirus (FECV) is implicated as the precursor to Feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) through deletion mutation.
  • Immune complex deposition, vasculitis, and pyogranulomatous lesions characterize FIP pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the common ocular manifestations of noneffusive FIP.
  • To describe the diagnostic approaches for FIP, particularly antemortem.
  • To outline current palliative treatment strategies for ocular FIP.

Main Methods:

  • Histopathologic examination of tissue is the definitive antemortem diagnostic method for FIP.
  • Clinical signs, especially ocular manifestations, are key indicators.

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  • Symptomatic treatment, including corticosteroids, is employed for ocular FIP.

    • Main Results:

    • Ocular manifestations are frequent in noneffusive FIP cases.
    • Bilateral granulomatous anterior uveitis and chorioretinitis are the most common clinical signs.
    • Histopathology remains the gold standard for definitive FIP diagnosis before death.

    Conclusions:

    • FIP presents with characteristic pathological findings and significant ocular involvement.
    • Early and definitive diagnosis relies on histopathology.
    • Current treatments for ocular FIP are palliative, focusing on symptom management with corticosteroids.