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Related Experiment Videos

Vaccines for preventing cholera.

P Graves1, J Deeks, V Demicheli

  • 1SPC Pacific Regional Vector-Borne Diseases Project, PO Box R272, Honiara, Solomon Islands. patriciag@vanuatu.com.vu

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|October 18, 2000
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Killed whole cell cholera vaccines are effective and safe, offering significant protection against cholera. Oral vaccines provide longer-lasting immunity, especially with boosters, compared to parenteral options.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Oral cholera vaccines offer an alternative to parenteral vaccines, which historically provided moderate, short-term immunity.
  • This review focuses on killed whole cell cholera vaccines due to a lack of randomized efficacy trials for live vaccines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the efficacy of cholera vaccines in preventing cholera cases and deaths.
  • To evaluate the safety and duration of protection offered by different cholera vaccine types, doses, and schedules.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials.
  • Searches included major databases (Cochrane, Medline, Embase) and hand-searches of relevant journals and manufacturers.
  • Data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers.

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Main Results:

  • Twenty-five trials involving over 2.6 million participants were included, focusing on killed whole cell vaccines.
  • Killed whole cell cholera vaccines demonstrated 51% efficacy in preventing cholera within 12 months compared to placebo (RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.41-0.59).
  • Oral killed whole cell vaccines offered protection for up to three years in older children and adults, while parenteral vaccines had more adverse effects.

Conclusions:

  • Killed whole cell cholera vaccines are effective and safe for cholera prevention.
  • Protection from a single dose lasts up to two years, with annual boosters extending protection to three to four years.
  • Oral cholera vaccines are particularly effective for longer-term immunity, with fewer adverse effects than parenteral vaccines.