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Gravitational wave bursts from cosmic strings

Damour1, Vilenkin

  • 1Institut des Hautes Etudes Scientifiques, F-91440 Bures-sur-Yvette, France.

Physical Review Letters
|October 21, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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Cosmic strings generate powerful gravitational waves (GW) that form non-Gaussian signals with detectable bursts. These bursts, potentially from cosmic string networks, may be observable by LIGO/VIRGO and LISA detectors.

Area of Science:

  • Cosmology
  • Gravitational Wave Astronomy
  • High-Energy Physics

Background:

  • Cosmic strings are hypothetical topological defects in spacetime.
  • Their cusps are predicted to emit high-frequency gravitational waves (GW).
  • A network of oscillating cosmic string loops generates a stochastic GW background.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the characteristics of GWs emitted by cosmic string cusps.
  • To determine the detectability of GW signals from cosmic strings with planned detectors.
  • To explore the non-Gaussian nature and burst properties of the GW background.

Main Methods:

  • Simulating gravitational wave emission from cosmic string cusps.
  • Analyzing the stochastic GW background from a network of loops.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Estimating the signal-to-noise ratio for GW detectors like LIGO/VIRGO and LISA.

    • Main Results:

    • Cosmic string cusps produce strong beams of high-frequency GWs.
    • The resulting GW background is strongly non-Gaussian.
    • Occasional sharp GW bursts are predicted above the root-mean-square (rms) background.
    • These bursts may be detectable for string tensions as low as Gμ ≈ 10⁻¹³.

    Conclusions:

    • The GW signals from cosmic strings, particularly bursts, are potentially detectable.
    • This offers a new avenue for probing cosmic string physics.
    • Associated gamma-ray bursts might provide multi-messenger confirmation.