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Factors associated with severe asthma.

V H Ratageri1, S K Kabra, S N Dwivedi

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110 029, India.

Indian Pediatrics
|October 24, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Exclusive breastfeeding for at least four months significantly protects against childhood asthma. Early onset of symptoms before 48 months is linked to severe asthma, while allergic diseases and bronchiolitis history increase risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Childhood bronchial asthma is a significant public health concern.
  • Identifying risk and protective factors is crucial for prevention and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate factors contributing to the development and severity of bronchial asthma in children aged 5-15.
  • To analyze the association of various risk factors with asthma development and severity.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study conducted at a tertiary care medical college hospital.
  • Enrolled 60 children with mild asthma, 60 with severe asthma, and 60 controls.
  • Analyzed associations between risk factors and asthma development/severity.

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Main Results:

  • Exclusive breastfeeding for >4 months was protective (OR 0.25).
  • Past bronchiolitis/TB history (OR 5.26) and allergic rhinitis/atopic dermatitis (OR 7.5) strongly associated with asthma development.
  • Early onset (<48 months) linked to severe asthma (OR 2.13).

Conclusions:

  • History of allergic diseases and bronchiolitis are key risk factors for childhood asthma.
  • Exclusive breastfeeding is a significant protective factor.
  • Early symptom onset is the primary factor for severe asthma.