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Human astrovirus isolation and propagation in multiple cell lines.

J P Brinker1, N R Blacklow, J E Herrmann

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester 01655, USA.

Archives of Virology
|October 24, 2000
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Summary

Human astrovirus growth was assessed in various cell lines. Caco-2, T84, and PLC/PRF/5 cells proved most effective for isolating astrovirus from clinical stool specimens.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Human astroviruses are a significant cause of gastroenteritis in children.
  • Efficient cell culture methods are crucial for astrovirus research and diagnostics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the susceptibility of various human, simian, and non-primate mammalian cell lines to laboratory-adapted human astrovirus serotypes.
  • To identify optimal cell lines for the isolation and detection of astroviruses from clinical specimens.

Main Methods:

  • Laboratory-adapted human astrovirus serotypes 1-7 were inoculated into 32 different cell lines.
  • Seventeen astrovirus-positive human stool specimens were cultured in selected cell lines (Caco-2, T84, HT-29, SK-CO-1, PLC/PRF/5, MA-104, VERO).
  • Shell vial assay with immunofluorescent staining was used for rapid detection in clinical specimens.

Main Results:

  • Propagation of astrovirus serotypes occurred in Caco-2, T84, HT-29, and MA-104 cell lines.
  • Caco-2, T84, and PLC/PRF/5 cells demonstrated the highest efficiency in isolating astroviruses from clinical stool samples.
  • Shell vial assay in Caco-2 cells successfully detected astroviruses in all 17 clinical specimens within 18 hours.

Conclusions:

  • Specific human (Caco-2, T84, HT-29) and simian (MA-104) cell lines support astrovirus replication.
  • Caco-2, T84, and PLC/PRF/5 cells are recommended for routine isolation of human astroviruses from stool.
  • The shell vial assay using Caco-2 cells offers a rapid and sensitive method for astrovirus detection in clinical settings.