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[Frontal lobes: the executive brain]
A Estévez-González1, C García-Sánchez, L Barraquer-Bordas
1Departamento de Psiquiatría y Psicobiología Clínica, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
Objective:
To describe the current basic functional neuroanatomy of the frontal lobes and complex cognitive processes associated with this wide brain zone.
Development:
We reviewed recent studies with neurofunctional interest. We structured the frontal zones and the cognitive functions more specifically humans, named 'executive functions'. We classified the frontal syndrome into more specific syndromes; and, we reviewed the fronto-cortical and subcortical connections, which are the basis of the frontal zones and functions.
Conclusions:
The frontal lobe is not a single anatomical and functional brain region. Regions and fronto-cortical and subcortical circuits within the frontal lobe are associated with motor functions and cognitive processes highly specialized, which may be differently affected.