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Triglycerides are a form of long-term energy storage molecules. They are made of glycerol and three fatty acids. To obtain energy from fat, triglycerides must first be broken down by hydrolysis into their two principal components, fatty acids and glycerol. This process, called lipolysis, takes place in the cytoplasm. The resulting fatty acids are oxidized by β-oxidation into acetyl-CoA, which is used by the Krebs cycle. The glycerol that is released from triglycerides after lipolysis directly...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Fat Preference: A Novel Model of Eating Behavior in Rats
05:57

Fat Preference: A Novel Model of Eating Behavior in Rats

Published on: June 27, 2014

Ghrelin induces adiposity in rodents.

M Tschöp1, D L Smiley, M L Heiman

  • 1Endocrine Research and BioResearch Technologies & Proteins, Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, USA. Matthias_Tschoep@Lilly.com

Nature
|November 1, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Ghrelin, a stomach hormone, triggers weight gain by reducing fat use and increasing food intake. This peptide hormone signals the hypothalamus, impacting energy balance and growth hormone secretion.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neuroscience
  • Metabolic Regulation

Background:

  • Ghrelin, the endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue (GHS) receptor, is primarily synthesized in the stomach.
  • GHS receptors are found in the pituitary, hypothalamus, and brainstem, suggesting diverse physiological roles.
  • Ghrelin's role extends beyond growth hormone (GH) secretion, potentially linking the stomach to the central nervous system for energy balance regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of ghrelin in regulating energy balance and body weight.
  • To determine the effects of peripheral and central ghrelin administration on feeding behavior and metabolism.
  • To examine ghrelin's response to nutritional status in rats.

Main Methods:

  • Administration of ghrelin peripherally and intracerebroventricularly in mice and rats.
  • Measurement of body weight, food intake, and fat utilization.
  • Monitoring of serum ghrelin concentrations in response to fasting and re-feeding.

Main Results:

  • Peripheral ghrelin administration led to weight gain by decreasing fat utilization in rodents.
  • Intracerebroventricular ghrelin administration dose-dependently increased food intake and body weight.
  • Rat serum ghrelin levels increased with fasting and decreased with re-feeding or glucose administration.

Conclusions:

  • Ghrelin plays a significant role in regulating energy homeostasis and body weight.
  • Ghrelin acts centrally to stimulate appetite and promote weight gain.
  • Ghrelin functions as an endocrine signal from the stomach to the hypothalamus, indicating the need for increased metabolic efficiency.