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Related Experiment Videos

Relationship between oral function and occlusal support in denture wearers.

S Yamashita1, S Sakai, J P Hatch

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, USA. syama@mug.biglobe.ne.jp

Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
|November 7, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Patients with dentures have reduced chewing ability. Preserving natural teeth, or occlusal supports, is crucial for maintaining optimal masticatory function and bite force.

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Area of Science:

  • Dental science
  • Biomaterials science
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Removable dentures (partial and complete) are associated with diminished masticatory function compared to natural dentition.
  • Understanding the impact of remaining occlusal supports on chewing efficiency is vital for prosthodontic care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between masticatory performance and bite force with the number of remaining natural occlusal supports in denture wearers.
  • To quantify the reduction in masticatory function based on the Eichner index classification.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated 118 removable partial and complete denture wearers, categorized by occlusal support (Eichner index).
  • Measured bilateral bite force at the first molar region.
  • Assessed masticatory performance using the modified Masticatory Performance Index with peanuts as the test food.

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  • Included a comparison group of 70 dentate subjects with full occlusal support.

    • Main Results:

    • Both bite force and masticatory performance showed significant associations with occlusal support groups.
    • Denture groups exhibited significantly reduced bite force and masticatory performance compared to the control group.
    • The most substantial reduction in function was observed in denture groups lacking occlusal support.

    Conclusions:

    • The presence of functional tooth units is a key determinant in preserving masticatory function.
    • Maintaining natural occlusal supports is essential for patients wearing removable dentures.
    • Further research into optimizing denture design to enhance occlusal support is warranted.