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Nimesulide and beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes: physicochemical characterization and dissolution rate studies.

K P Chowdary1, B N Nalluri

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India.

Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy
|November 9, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Nimesulide (N) complexation with beta-cyclodextrin (beta CD) improved its solubility and dissolution. Solid inclusion complexes, particularly 1:2 molar ratios prepared by kneading, showed significantly enhanced dissolution rates compared to the pure drug.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Nimesulide, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), exhibits poor aqueous solubility, limiting its therapeutic efficacy.
  • Beta-cyclodextrin (beta CD), a cyclic oligosaccharide, is widely used to enhance the solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs through inclusion complex formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the complexation of nimesulide (N) with beta-cyclodextrin (beta CD) in aqueous solution and solid state.
  • To evaluate the potential of beta CD complexation to improve the solubility and dissolution rate of nimesulide.

Main Methods:

  • Phase solubility studies were conducted to determine the complexation stoichiometry and apparent stability constant (Kc) in aqueous solution.
  • Solid inclusion complexes were prepared using kneading and coevaporation methods.

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  • Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was employed to characterize the solid inclusion complexes.
  • Dissolution studies were performed to compare the dissolution rates and efficiencies of the complexes, physical mixtures, and pure nimesulide.

    • Main Results:

    • Phase solubility studies confirmed the formation of a 1:1 nimesulide-beta CD complex in solution with an apparent stability constant (Kc) of 158.98 M-1.
    • DSC analysis indicated the formation of solid inclusion complexes at a 1:2 molar ratio of nimesulide to beta CD for both preparation methods.
    • Solid inclusion complexes (1:1 and 1:2 molar ratios) demonstrated significantly higher dissolution rates and dissolution efficiencies compared to physical mixtures and the pure drug.
    • Kneaded complexes exhibited superior dissolution rates compared to those prepared by coevaporation.
    • Nimesulide-beta CD 1:1 and 1:2 kneaded complexes showed remarkable increases in dissolution rate of 25.6- and 38.7-fold, respectively.

    Conclusions:

    • Nimesulide forms inclusion complexes with beta-cyclodextrin in both aqueous solution and solid state.
    • Complexation with beta-cyclodextrin effectively enhances the solubility and dissolution rate of nimesulide.
    • The kneading method is more effective than coevaporation for preparing nimesulide-beta CD inclusion complexes with improved dissolution characteristics.