Simulation of beam-beam effects in a circular e(+)e(-) collider

Area of Science:

• High-energy physics
• Accelerator physics
• Computational physics

Background:

• The beam-beam effect is a critical challenge in circular colliders, limiting luminosity.
• Understanding and mitigating this effect is crucial for future collider performance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the beam-beam effect using a strong-strong simulation.
• To study the beam-beam limit and coherent beam-beam tune shift.
• To assess the feasibility of finite crossing angles for colliders like KEKB.

Main Methods:

• A strong-strong simulation approach representing beams as macroparticles.
• Solving the Poisson equation to model beam-beam interactions.
• Analyzing simulation data for beam-beam limit and tune shift phenomena.

Main Results:

• The simulation accurately reproduces characteristic beam-beam effects.
• Collision with a finite crossing angle is shown to be feasible for KEKB.
• An estimated luminosity of 8.5x10^33 cm^-2 s^-1 was achieved for KEKB.

Conclusions:

• The strong-strong simulation is a valid tool for studying beam-beam effects.
• Finite crossing angles are a viable strategy for enhancing luminosity in colliders.
• The simulation results provide confidence in the KEKB factory's performance.