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Emerging helminth zoonoses.

J McCarthy1, T A Moore

  • 1Department of Medicine, Fremantle Hospital, University of Western Australia, WA 6959, Fremantle, Australia. james.mccarthy@uwa.edu.au

International Journal for Parasitology
|December 13, 2000
PubMed
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Human helminth infections from animal parasites are increasingly recognized. This review details emerging zoonotic helminth infections and discusses factors driving their rise.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Human infections with helminth parasites, particularly zoonotic species, are increasingly recognized.
  • Improved diagnostic capabilities enhance the understanding of helminthic disease epidemiology and clinical presentations.
  • Zoonotic helminths, naturally hosted by other vertebrates, can establish patent infections in humans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review emerging and increasing zoonotic helminth infections in humans.
  • To discuss factors contributing to the emergence and spread of these neglected infections.
  • To highlight specific examples such as intestinal capillariasis, anisakidosis, and gnathostomiasis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on newly emerged or increasing zoonotic helminth infections.

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  • Analysis of epidemiological trends and clinical manifestations.
  • Discussion of contributing factors, including social, dietary, environmental, and diagnostic advancements.

    • Main Results:

    • Several zoonotic helminth infections, including intestinal capillariasis, anisakidosis, eosinophilic enteritis, oesophagostomiasis, and gnathostomiasis, are newly appearing or increasing in incidence/range.
    • Improved diagnostic tools and recognition of neglected infections contribute to observed increases.
    • Changes in human behavior, diet, and environment play a role in the emergence of these parasitic infections.

    Conclusions:

    • Zoonotic helminth infections represent a growing public health concern.
    • Understanding the drivers of emergence is crucial for effective control and prevention strategies.
    • Continued surveillance and research are necessary to manage these evolving infectious diseases.