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Population crises and population cycles.

C Russell1, W M Russell

  • 1Departmnent of Sociology, University of Reading.

Medicine, Conflict, and Survival
|December 29, 2000
PubMed
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Mammals have evolved crisis responses to overpopulation, involving increased violence and reduced reproduction. Humans, unlike animals, can consciously control population growth by lowering birth rates, averting resource depletion.

Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Mammalian populations exhibit behavioral and physiological responses to overpopulation to prevent resource depletion.
  • These responses include increased aggression, reduced reproduction, and impaired immune systems, leading to population crashes and recovery cycles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the parallels between mammalian population crisis responses and historical human societal cycles.
  • To analyze how human societal development, particularly advances in food production, has altered these cycles.
  • To discuss the current global population crisis and potential solutions.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of mammalian population dynamics and human history.
  • Review of historical data from various regions (China, North Africa, Western Asia, Mediterranean, Europe).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Application of Malthusian principles to contemporary population challenges.

    • Main Results:

    • Human population cycles, unlike animal cycles, are superimposed on a rising trend due to agricultural advancements, resulting in a 'saw-tooth' pattern.
    • Human crisis responses have been less effective, leading to famine, resource damage, and human-specific disasters like inflation and tyranny.
    • Historical crises and periods of relief are documented across different regions.

    Conclusions:

    • Human societal crises, driven by population growth outpacing resources, have historically involved violence, epidemics, and resource degradation.
    • Unlike mammals, humans can consciously manage population growth by reducing birth rates, offering a sustainable solution to resource depletion.
    • Malthus's principle provides a framework for addressing the current global population crisis through voluntary birth rate control.