Related Experiment Videos
Renal Na(+)-glucose cotransporters
1Department of Physiology, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095-1751, USA. ewright@mednet.ucla.edu
American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology
|January 3, 2001
Summary
Kidneys reabsorb D-glucose via sodium-glucose cotransporters (SGLTs) in proximal tubules. This review examines the structure-function relationships of three key human renal transporters: SGLT1, SGLT2, and SGLT3.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Human kidneys filter approximately 180g of D-glucose daily.
- Glucose reabsorption occurs in proximal tubules via Na(+)-glucose cotransport and facilitated diffusion.
- The exact genes responsible for brush-border Na(+)-glucose cotransport remain under investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the structure-function relationships of three candidate human renal sodium-glucose cotransporters.
- To elucidate the roles of SGLT1, SGLT2, and SGLT3 in renal glucose reabsorption.
Main Methods:
- Review of genetic and animal studies on renal glucose reabsorption.
- Analysis of structure-function relationships of SGLT1, SGLT2, and SGLT3.
Main Results:
- Evidence suggests distinct transporters for different segments of the proximal tubule.
- A low-affinity, high-capacity transporter likely handles bulk reabsorption in the convoluted proximal tubule.
- A high-affinity, low-capacity transporter may handle remaining reabsorption in the straight proximal tubule.
Conclusions:
- Three candidate genes, SGLT1, SGLT2, and SGLT3, are implicated in human renal sodium-glucose cotransport.
- Understanding their structure-function relationships is crucial for comprehending glucose homeostasis and kidney physiology.