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Related Experiment Videos

Why Doesn't all-trans-1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexaspiro(THF)cyclohexane complex metal ions?

Rablen1, Paquette, Borden

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Swarthmore College, 500 College Avenue, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania 19081-1397, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Evans Chemistry Labs, Columbus, Ohio 43210, and Department of Chemistry, University of Was.

The Journal of Organic Chemistry
|January 10, 2001
PubMed
Summary

All-trans-hexaspiro(THF)cyclohexane favors an equatorial conformation due to the gauche effect and high energetic costs of axial alkoxy groups. These factors overcome typical preferences for alkyl substituents in cyclohexane derivatives.

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Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Cyclohexane derivatives typically favor equatorial substituents due to steric hindrance.
  • Alkoxy substituents usually prefer equatorial positions, but this study explores exceptions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the conformational preferences of all-trans-hexaspiro(THF)cyclohexane.
  • To elucidate the factors driving the unusual equatorial preference of alkoxy substituents in this molecule.

Main Methods:

  • Ab initio calculations
  • Density functional theory (DFT) calculations
  • Conformational analysis of cyclohexane derivatives with spiro(THF) units.

Main Results:

  • All-trans-hexaspiro(THF)cyclohexane strongly favors the all-oxygen-equatorial conformer.

Related Experiment Videos

  • The gauche effect favors di-O-equatorial arrangements when oxygen atoms are adjacent.
  • Axial alkoxy substituents incur a higher energetic cost (approx. 2 kcal/mol) compared to alkyl substituents in 1,3-diaxial interactions.
  • Conclusions:

    • The conformational bias in all-trans-hexaspiro(THF)cyclohexane is driven by multiple gauche interactions and the significant energetic penalty of axial alkoxy groups.
    • These findings challenge the typical understanding of substituent preferences in cyclohexane systems.