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Long-term outcome in patients with unstable angina treated by coronary balloon angioplasty

T Przewlocki1, P Pieniazek, W Tracz

  • 1Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiology, Collegium Medicum Jagiellonian University, Ul. Pradnicka 80, 31-202, Cracow, Poland.

International Journal of Cardiology
|January 11, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Patients with unstable angina (UA) undergoing balloon angioplasty experienced more complications and re-interventions than those with stable angina (SA). Despite higher cardiac events, long-term survival was similar, with UA being an independent risk factor for adverse outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Clinical Outcomes Research

Background:

  • Balloon angioplasty is a common treatment for coronary artery disease.
  • Outcomes may differ between patients with stable angina (SA) and unstable angina (UA).
  • Long-term follow-up is crucial for assessing the efficacy and safety of angioplasty in different angina classifications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the 5-year outcomes of balloon angioplasty in patients with stable angina (SA) versus unstable angina (UA).
  • To identify risk factors for adverse events following angioplasty.
  • To evaluate the impact of different unstable angina classifications on long-term results.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study involving 472 patients with SA and 158 patients with UA undergoing balloon angioplasty.
  • 5-year follow-up to assess clinical success, periprocedural complications, restenosis, myocardial infarction, cardiac mortality, re-intervention rates, and event-free survival.
  • Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine independent risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Clinical success rates were similar, but periprocedural complications were higher in the UA group (22.3% vs. 11.1%).
  • UA patients had significantly higher rates of restenosis (48.5% vs. 30.4%), myocardial infarction (8.8% vs. 3.0%), and re-intervention (53.7% vs. 34.1%).
  • Event-free survival was lower in UA patients (43.4% vs. 61.3%), and unstable angina was an independent risk factor for adverse outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Balloon angioplasty in UA patients is associated with increased periprocedural complications, restenosis, and re-intervention rates compared to SA patients.
  • Despite a higher incidence of cardiovascular events in UA patients, 5-year survival rates were comparable, with no significant difference in cardiac mortality.
  • Unstable angina is a significant independent predictor of poorer long-term outcomes after balloon angioplasty.
Abstract

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