Inflammatory responses in influenza A virus infection
Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 9, 2026

Modeling Dysplastic and Functional Lung Alveolar Repair after Influenza Infection
Published on: September 19, 2025
I Julkunen1, K Melén, M Nyqvist
1Department of Virology, National Public Health Institute, Mannerheimintie 166, FIN-00300 Helsinki, Finland. ilkka.julkunen@ktl.fi
Abstract:
Influenza A virus causes respiratory tract infections, which are occasionally complicated by secondary bacterial infections. Influenza A virus replicates in epithelial cells and leukocytes resulting in the production of chemokines and cytokines, which favor the extravasation of blood mononuclear cells and the development of antiviral and Th1-type immune response. Influenza A virus-infected respiratory epithelial cells produce limited amounts of chemokines (RANTES, MCP-1, IL-8) and IFN-alpha/beta, whereas monocytes/macrophages readily produce chemokines such as RANTES, MIP-1alpha, MCP-1, MCP-3, IP-10 and cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-18 and IFN-alpha/beta. The role of influenza A virus-induced inflammatory response in relation to otitis media is being discussed.
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