Risk variables for coronary artery disease in Asian Indians.

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Public Health

Background:

• Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a significant health concern globally and in India.
• Large-scale studies identifying specific risk factors for CAD in Indian populations with confirmed diagnoses are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association of anthropometric variables, lipoproteins, and coagulation parameters with angiographically confirmed CAD in Indian men.
• To identify independent predictors of CAD in this demographic.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional study involving 447 men aged 25 years and above, categorized as having CAD or not.
• Exclusion criteria included treatment with aspirin or lipid-lowering agents, and presence of renal, hepatic, or thyroid diseases.
• Statistical analyses included univariate and multiple logistic regression to assess variable associations.

Main Results:

• Diabetes and hypertension were significantly more prevalent in men with CAD.
• Abnormalities in lipid profiles (except lipoprotein(a)) and higher antibodies to oxidized low-density lipoprotein were associated with CAD.
• Independent predictors of CAD included age, body mass index, very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, and fibrinogen.

Conclusions:

• Several lipid abnormalities and elevated fibrinogen are associated with CAD in Asian Indian men.
• Factors such as age, BMI, VLDL-C, Total/HDL-C ratio, and fibrinogen are independent risk factors for CAD in this population.
• Lipoprotein(a) did not show a significant association with CAD in this study cohort.