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Related Experiment Videos

Viral hepatitis during pregnancy.

S P Jaiswal1, A K Jain, G Naik

  • 1Choithram Hospital and Research Center, Indore, India. medicine@bom4.vsnl.net.in

International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
|February 13, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the primary cause of acute viral hepatitis (AVH) in pregnant women, leading to higher risks of fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) and mortality, especially in the third trimester.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Obstetrics & Gynecology

Background:

  • Acute viral hepatitis (AVH) in pregnancy presents diagnostic and management challenges.
  • Existing literature shows conflicting data on the severity and outcomes of AVH during pregnancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the outcomes of AVH in pregnant women.
  • To assess the correlation between gestation period, viral etiology, and AVH outcomes.
  • To compare AVH outcomes in pregnant versus non-pregnant women.

Main Methods:

  • Serum samples from 273 women (127 pregnant, 146 non-pregnant controls) aged 18-23 years with viral hepatitis were analyzed.
  • Seromarkers for Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) through Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) were detected using ELISA kits.

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  • Pregnant cases included 83 AVH and 44 fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) cases; non-pregnant included 129 AVH and 17 FHF cases.

    • Main Results:

    • Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) was the predominant cause of AVH in pregnant women (57.5%), with 58% of these cases progressing to FHF.
    • HEV was also prevalent in non-pregnant women (46%).
    • Mortality was highest (56%) in HEV-infected FHF cases during the third trimester of pregnancy.

    Conclusions:

    • HEV is the primary etiological agent for AVH in pregnant women, associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
    • While HEV incidence was similar in pregnant and non-pregnant women, pregnant women showed increased FHF.
    • Hepatitis A Virus (HAV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), and Hepatitis D Virus (HDV) prevalence was low; other agents caused FHF in non-pregnant women.