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An Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Instigating Depressive Symptoms, Behavioral Changes and Negative Health Outcomes in Rodents
Published on: December 2, 2015
Stressors, coping and depression in haemodialysis patients
1Department of Adult Health, Indiana University School of Nursing, Indianapolis, USA. jwelch@iupui.edu
Background:
Depression is common in persons receiving outpatient haemodialysis, but little work has been done to explore the variables associated with depression.
Aims:
The primary purposes of this study were to (i) examine relationships among stressors, coping and depression and (ii) test the mediating role of coping.
Design/Methods:
Data were collected at two points in time, three months apart in 1995/1996. The final convenience sample at Time 2 was 86 participants from two United States midwestern, inner-city dialysis units. Structured interviews were conducted using the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, the haemodialysis stressor scale (HSS) and the coping strategy indicator.
Results:
At Time 1 more psychosocial stressors were associated with greater use of problem-solving, social-support and avoidance coping. Both avoidance coping and more psychosocial stressors at Time 1 were related to depression at Time 2. Finally, avoidance coping was found to explain much of the relationship between psychosocial stressors and depression.
Conclusions:
Research is now needed that explicates the causal relationships among stress, coping and depression in haemodialysis patients.
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