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Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis.

M Filippi1, M Cercignani, M Inglese

  • 1Neuroimaging Research Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, University of Milan, Italy.

Neurology
|February 15, 2001
PubMed
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Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) quantifies tissue damage in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM). DTI metrics correlate with clinical disability, particularly in advanced MS stages.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease affecting white matter.
  • Tissue damage in MS lesions and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) contributes to clinical disability.
  • Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) offers quantitative insights into white matter microstructure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify tissue damage in MS lesions and NAWM using DTI in a large patient cohort.
  • To investigate the correlation between DTI-derived metrics and clinical disability in MS patients.

Main Methods:

  • DTI and dual-echo scans were acquired from 78 MS patients and 20 controls.
  • Mean diffusivity (D) and fractional anisotropy (FA) values were measured in lesions, NAWM, and control white matter.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Image coregistration and analysis of post-contrast T1-weighted images were performed.

    • Main Results:

    • MS lesions exhibited significantly higher D and lower FA compared to NAWM (p < 0.001).
    • NAWM in MS patients showed altered FA compared to controls (p = 0.01).
    • DTI metrics, including lesion D and FA, correlated with Expanded Disability Status Scale scores, especially in secondary progressive MS (SPMS).

    Conclusions:

    • DTI effectively identifies MS lesions with severe tissue damage and detects microstructural changes in NAWM.
    • DTI-derived measures demonstrate a correlation with clinical disability, suggesting its utility in monitoring MS progression.
    • DTI shows particular promise for monitoring advanced stages of MS, especially SPMS.