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Eye-Tracking Control to Assess Cognitive Functions in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
07:00

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Published on: October 13, 2016

Sensorimotor functional connectivity changes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

F Agosta1, P Valsasina, M Absinta

  • 1Neuroimaging Research Unit, University Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|March 4, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients exhibit altered resting-state functional connectivity in the sensorimotor cortex (SMC). These brain changes may compensate for early corticospinal tract (CST) damage but diminish with disease progression.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons.
  • Understanding brain functional changes in ALS is crucial for identifying compensatory mechanisms and disease progression markers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate resting-state functional connectivity abnormalities in the sensorimotor cortex (SMC) of ALS patients.
  • To determine the relationship between these functional changes and corticospinal tract (CST) damage assessed by diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT MRI).

Main Methods:

  • Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to assess functional connectivity in 26 ALS patients and controls.
  • Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT MRI) was employed to quantify corticospinal tract (CST) integrity.
  • Functional connectivity patterns were compared between ALS patients and controls, and analyzed in relation to CST damage and disease severity.

Main Results:

  • ALS patients showed increased functional connectivity between the left SMC and the right cingulate cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, and cerebellum-crus II compared to controls.
  • In patients without CST damage, increased left SMC connectivity was more widespread, with additional right SMC connectivity to the parahippocampal gyrus.
  • ALS patients with CST damage exhibited increased left SMC connectivity to the cingulate cortex and decreased right SMC connectivity to the cerebellum.
  • Disease severity in ALS patients correlated with reduced SMC functional connectivity.

Conclusions:

  • Functional brain changes, particularly in the SMC, are present in early-stage ALS.
  • These alterations may represent compensatory mechanisms for early structural damage.
  • The extent of functional connectivity changes appears to be influenced by the degree of CST damage and may decrease with disease progression.