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S100B expression in and effects on microglia.

C Adami1, G Sorci, E Blasi

  • 1Section of Microbiology, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, C.P. 81 Succ. 3, 06122 Perugia, Italy.

Glia
|February 17, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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The S100B protein, found in microglia, influences microglial functions. S100B enhances interferon-gamma-induced nitric oxide secretion, suggesting a regulatory role in microglial cell activities.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • S100B protein is a calcium-binding protein abundant in astrocytes.
  • Astrocytes secrete S100B, which acts in an autocrine manner to stimulate nitric oxide secretion.
  • The role of S100B in microglia remains largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the intracellular and extracellular biological role of S100B protein in microglia.
  • To explore the relationship between S100B and microglial functions.

Main Methods:

  • Primary microglia from rat cortex and the BV-2 microglial cell line were used.
  • S100B expression was assessed using immunofluorescence, RT-PCR, and Western blotting.
  • Microglial responses to S100B and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) were analyzed.

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Main Results:

  • S100B was localized in microglia within a filamentous network, diffusely in the cytoplasm, and associated with intracellular membranes.
  • S100B relocated around phagosomes during phagocytosis of Cryptococcus neoformans.
  • IFN-gamma treatment altered S100B distribution and downregulated its mRNA expression.
  • S100B treatment increased IFN-gamma-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA expression and nitric oxide secretion in BV-2 cells.

Conclusions:

  • S100B is present in microglia and its distribution is affected by cellular processes like phagocytosis and IFN-gamma stimulation.
  • S100B can modulate microglial responses, specifically enhancing nitric oxide production.
  • These findings suggest a potential regulatory role for S100B in microglial cell functions.