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CDC growth charts: United States.

R J Kuczmarski, C L Ogden, L M Grummer-Strawn

    Advance Data
    |February 24, 2001
    PubMed
    Summary

    Revised United States growth charts offer improved tools for assessing child development. These updated charts incorporate extensive national data and advanced statistical methods for more accurate growth evaluations.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pediatrics and Public Health
    • Growth Monitoring and Assessment

    Background:

    • The 1977 National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) growth charts required revision due to evolving population demographics and data collection methods.
    • Previous charts did not fully represent the diversity of the U.S. population or account for contemporary feeding practices.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present revised United States growth charts for infants and children.
    • To detail the history, rationale, data, and methodologies behind the updated growth charts.

    Main Methods:

    • Combined data from multiple national health examination surveys (1963-1994) and supplementary sources.
    • Employed a two-stage statistical approach, including parametric and nonparametric smoothing, to generate percentile curves and z-scores.
    • Utilized a normalization procedure for precise alignment of z-scores with smoothed percentile curves.

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    Main Results:

    • Introduced revised NCHS growth charts, including new body mass index-for-age (BMI-for-age) charts for boys and girls.
    • Incorporated national survey data, enhancing representation of racial/ethnic diversity and combined breast/formula-fed infant growth patterns.
    • Added 3rd and 97th percentiles and extended charts to age 20 years for comprehensive assessment.

    Conclusions:

    • The revised U.S. growth charts provide an enhanced and more accurate tool for evaluating infant and child size and growth.
    • Improved data sources and advanced statistical techniques ensure greater reliability and applicability of the updated charts.