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Risk factors for persistence of pulmonary arterial branch stenosis in neonates and young infants

Y Nomura1, M Nakamura, Y Kono

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan. uichi@m2.kufm.kagoshima-u.ac.jp

Pediatrics International : Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
|February 24, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Pulmonary arterial branch stenosis (PBS) in infants often resolves by age one. However, low birth weight and high peak flow velocity differences are risk factors for persistent PBS beyond one year.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Imaging

Background:

  • Pulmonary arterial branch stenosis (PBS) is typically considered transient in neonates.
  • However, PBS can persist into infancy, with some cases remaining after one year of age.
  • This study investigates the long-term outcomes of PBS in neonates and young infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the natural history of pulmonary arterial branch stenosis (PBS) in neonates and young infants.
  • To identify risk factors associated with persistent PBS beyond one year of age.
  • To evaluate the resolution rate of PBS in different patient subgroups.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 103 patients diagnosed with PBS during the neonatal period or early infancy.
  • Analysis of clinical data including birth weight, gestational age, and Doppler echocardiography parameters.
  • Comparison of patient characteristics and outcomes between those with resolved PBS and persistent PBS.

Main Results:

  • All studied cases of PBS showed improvement.
  • Pulmonary arterial branch stenosis resolved by age one in 94 patients.
  • Nine patients (group B) had persistent PBS after age one, with significantly lower birth weight and higher deltavelocity (>1.2 m/s) at diagnosis compared to resolved cases (group A).
  • Low birth weight (<2,500 g) and high deltavelocity were identified as significant risk factors for persistent PBS.

Conclusions:

  • Pulmonary arterial branch stenosis in neonates and infants generally resolves.
  • Low birth weight and a deltavelocity above 1.2 m/s are identified as key risk factors for persistent PBS.
  • Patients without these risk factors demonstrated a high rate of PBS resolution by age one.
Abstract

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