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Characterizing the performance of industrial-scale columns.

J Moscariello1, G Purdom, J Coffman

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53706, USA.

Journal of Chromatography. A
|February 24, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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This study investigated large chromatographic column performance using a reverse-flow technique. Significant dispersion in flow distributors increased column plate height, impacting overall efficiency.

Area of Science:

  • Chemical Engineering
  • Chromatography
  • Separation Science

Background:

  • Large commercial chromatographic columns are essential for industrial separations.
  • Understanding flow maldistribution is critical for optimizing column performance.
  • The reverse-flow technique offers a method to dissect dispersion sources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of a large commercial chromatographic column.
  • To differentiate between microscopic irreversible processes and flow maldistribution effects.
  • To isolate flow maldistribution within column distributors from that within the packed bed.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a short pulse of a 5% aqueous acetone tracer.
  • Employed an extension of the reverse-flow technique for analysis.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigated columns packed with Cellufine GC 700 cellulosic media (75 µm particle diameter).
  • Examined beds of varying lengths (10-24 cm) and slurry concentrations (10-75% v/v).

    • Main Results:

    • Slurry-packed columns exhibited high uniformity with no significant macroscopic flow maldistribution within the bed.
    • Observed bed plate heights aligned with one-dimensional continuum model predictions.
    • Dispersion in flow distributors was substantial, contributing 15-25% of intracolumn dispersion for the longest bed.
    • Headers significantly increased the observed plate height.

    Conclusions:

    • Flow distributors are a significant source of dispersion in large chromatographic columns.
    • The reverse-flow technique effectively separates dispersion contributions from different column sections.
    • Column packing uniformity was high, but header design negatively impacts overall efficiency.