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Hypomagnesemic disorders.

M J Dacey1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Critical Care Medicine, 4th Floor Offices, Kent County Hospital, 455 Tollgate Road, Warwick, RI 02886, USA. MikeDaceyMD@yahoo.com

Critical Care Clinics
|February 24, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Magnesium is essential for life, and critically ill patients often have low levels, leading to adverse effects. Supplementation shows promise in asthma, pre-eclampsia, and certain cardiac arrhythmias, with ongoing research in neurological conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Magnesium is vital for physiological functions.
  • Critically ill patients frequently exhibit hypomagnesemia, increasing risks of severe complications.
  • Causes include renal and gastrointestinal losses, often exacerbated by medications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the importance of magnesium in critical care.
  • To discuss the causes and measurement of hypomagnesemia.
  • To explore the therapeutic applications of magnesium in various medical conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of magnesium's role in critical illness.
  • Analysis of magnesium measurement techniques, including ionized magnesium.
  • Synthesis of evidence for magnesium use in asthma, pre-eclampsia, cardiac arrhythmias, and neurological insults.

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Main Results:

  • Hypomagnesemia is common in critical illness and linked to adverse outcomes.
  • Supplemental magnesium is beneficial in severe asthma and is a standard treatment for pre-eclampsia/eclampsia.
  • Evidence supports magnesium use in specific ventricular and supraventricular tachycardias, with uncertain benefits in acute myocardial ischemia.

Conclusions:

  • Magnesium plays a critical role in patient care, particularly in critical illness.
  • Therapeutic uses span from obstetric emergencies to cardiac and respiratory conditions.
  • Further research is warranted for its application in acute neurological injuries.