[The use of three-dimensional reconstruction in neuroroentgenology]

The recent advent of spiral computed tomography (CT) and new fast impulse sequences in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) into diagnostic practice has expanded the range of brain and spinal diseases detected by these techniques. This has also expanded the field of use of three-dimensional images obtained on the basis of mathematical algorithms for processing CT and MRI data. At present, not only neurotraumatology and maxillofacial surgery are the main areas in applying three-dimensional models. Spatial representation of bulky formations of the brain, their mutual location with the adjacent anatomic structures (with ventricles of the brain) may be useful in choosing a surgical access and in planning the scope of a surgical intervention. CT- and MR-angiographies that are now successfully used in diagnosing vascular pathology, providing high-solution angiograms not only can be competitive with direct angiography, but can replace this sophisticated study for vascular stenotic processes in the neck. Moreover, analyzing the internal surface of the vascular wall on the basis of virtual endoscopy may be useful in direct surgical and endovascular interventions. The purpose of this study was to pool long-term experience in using three-dimensional images in the qualitative improvement of diagnostic methods in examining neurosurgical patients and to define the most promising lines of their use in neurosurgery as a whole.