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Related Experiment Videos

The momentary realist.

D T Gilbert1, M J Gill

  • 1Department of Psychology, William James Hall, 33 Kirkland St., Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. dtg@wjh.harvard.edu

Psychological Science
|March 7, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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People often trust their feelings about objects, even when their mood is influenced by external factors. This study shows dispositionally happy individuals are more likely to believe positive influences, especially under time pressure.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • Individuals often rely on their subjective experiences as accurate indicators of external reality.
  • The process of correcting initial judgments based on potential extraneous influences is typically effortful and infrequent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether individuals consider their own dispositions as potential extraneous factors influencing their subjective experiences.
  • To examine how dispositional affect (happiness/unhappiness) impacts the attribution of mood influences, particularly under time constraints.

Main Methods:

  • Two studies were conducted where participants, categorized by dispositional happiness, were falsely informed of subliminal mood-priming.
  • Participants then judged the nature of the priming words (positive/negative) under varying time pressures.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Attribution of mood influence was assessed based on participants' judgments.

    • Main Results:

    • Dispositionally happy participants were more prone to concluding they were primed with positive words compared to unhappy participants.
    • This effect was significant only when participants made judgments under time pressure, suggesting a failure to correct initial attributions.
    • Unhappy participants showed less susceptibility to this bias, indicating potential differences in self-correction mechanisms.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings support correction models of human judgment, highlighting that individuals may not always account for their own dispositions as extraneous influences on their experiences.
    • Time pressure exacerbates the tendency to attribute subjective experiences to external factors rather than considering dispositional influences.
    • Further research into the mechanisms of self-correction and attributional biases is warranted.