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Related Experiment Videos

Left ventricle and arteries: structure, function, hormones, and disease.

J N Cohn1

  • 1Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA. cohnx001@tc.umn.edu

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
|March 7, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Heart failure progression is linked to hormonal influences on the heart and blood vessels. Drug therapies targeting these hormonal systems can inhibit adverse structural changes, improving cardiovascular disease outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Left ventricular function is influenced by aortic impedance.
  • Hormonal systems, including the renin-angiotensin system, play a role in heart failure progression.
  • Early vasodilator drug trials in heart failure revealed varied long-term benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of hormonal systems in heart failure.
  • To understand the differential long-term effects of impedance-lowering drugs.
  • To investigate the impact of structural remodeling on cardiovascular disease.

Main Methods:

  • Observation of left ventricular performance and aortic impedance.
  • Conducting the first randomized, controlled trial in heart failure.

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  • Analyzing structural remodeling in the myocardium and vasculature.

    • Main Results:

    • Not all impedance-lowering drugs provide the same long-term benefits in heart failure.
    • Differential long-term responses are attributed to variations in myocardial and vascular remodeling.
    • Nitrates, converting enzyme inhibitors, and beta-blockers can inhibit adverse left ventricular remodeling.

    Conclusions:

    • Cardiovascular disease progression is significantly influenced by hormonally mediated structural changes.
    • Drug therapies targeting hormonal systems can inhibit detrimental remodeling processes.
    • Inhibiting vascular remodeling with drugs like converting enzyme inhibitors can reduce left ventricular impedance load.