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[Olfactory esthesioneuromas].

J Martel1, V Darrouzet, J Y Duclos

  • 1C.H.U. Pellegrin, Clinique Universitaire O.R.L., Place Amélie Raba Léon, 33076 Bordeaux, France.

Revue De Laryngologie - Otologie - Rhinologie
|March 10, 2001
PubMed
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Olfactory neuroblastomas, rare nasal tumors, require advanced diagnostics like immunohistochemistry. Combined radio-surgical treatment offers high survival rates, but lymph node metastasis warrants consideration for prophylactic measures.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Otorhinolaryngology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Olfactory neuroblastomas are rare malignant tumors originating from the olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity.
  • Histological diagnosis can be challenging, often necessitating advanced techniques such as immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish the main features of olfactory neuroblastomas.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of current treatment modalities and survival outcomes.
  • To highlight diagnostic challenges and potential areas for improved management.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 18 cases of olfactory neuroblastoma.
  • Comprehensive review of existing literature on the subject.
  • Evaluation of diagnostic methods including histology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy.

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  • Assessment of treatment outcomes, focusing on radio-surgical approaches and combined rhino-neurosurgical techniques.

    • Main Results:

    • High 5-year survival rate of 91.5% and 10-year survival rate of 87.5%.
    • Lymph gland metastasis (16.6%) observed more frequently than local recurrence (11%), particularly in advanced stages.
    • Combined rhino-neurosurgical approach is valuable for tumors extending to the cribriform plate.

    Conclusions:

    • Olfactory neuroblastomas present diagnostic difficulties, underscoring the importance of specialized techniques.
    • Radio-surgical treatment, especially with a combined rhino-neurosurgical approach for advanced cases, yields favorable survival rates.
    • The significant incidence of lymph node metastasis necessitates consideration of prophylactic neck node treatment.