Fine wire frame arthrodesis for the salvage of severe ankle pathology

Ankle arthrodesis is an accepted method of treatment for severe ankle pathology, but no single method of treatment is universally successful. Compression is usually applied across the ankle joint and maintained with either internal or external fixation; both are associated with complications such as infection, non-union and pain. We present our experience of 13 difficult cases managed by fine wire external frames, and describe the surgical technique used.A sound arthrodesis was achieved in 12 out of 13 cases, though one case required a repeat procedure, giving a union rate of 92% of cases or 86% of procedures. The mean period of fixation was 24 weeks (range 12-82), followed by a mean period of cast immobilisation of 7 weeks (range 0-10). Using Mazur's functional ankle score there were seven good results, four fair, one poor and one failure, which resulted in a below knee amputation. We believe this method represents a significant improvement on previously published results, but accept that it requires considerable experience and should not be considered for primary ankle arthrodesis. We would recommend its usage for the salvage of failed arthrodesis or severe fracture non-union, particularly in the presence of infection.