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[Benign intracranial hypertension].

V Biousse1, M G Bousser

  • 1Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit. Emory University School of Medicine. Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA. vbiouss@emory.edu

Revue Neurologique
|March 10, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Benign intracranial hypertension (BIH), also known as idiopathic intracranial hypertension, involves elevated intracranial pressure without a clear cause. This condition requires careful diagnosis and management, focusing on visual symptoms to prevent vision loss.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Ophthalmology

Context:

  • Benign intracranial hypertension (BIH) is defined by elevated intracranial pressure without an identifiable intracranial cause or hydrocephalus.
  • Existing terminology like "pseudotumor cerebri" and "idiopathic intracranial hypertension" is debated, highlighting the need for clearer classification.

Purpose:

  • To propose "Benign intracranial hypertension" as the most appropriate term, classified as secondary or idiopathic BIH based on precipitating factors.
  • To introduce new diagnostic criteria for secondary and idiopathic BIH, emphasizing necessary investigations.
  • To outline management strategies prioritizing ocular symptoms and visual prognosis.

Summary:

  • BIH involves isolated intracranial pressure elevation, excluding conditions like cerebral venous thrombosis.
  • Classification into secondary or idiopathic BIH is proposed, with revised diagnostic criteria.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Management hinges on ocular symptoms, with options including lumbar punctures, acetazolamide, weight loss, and surgical interventions if vision deteriorates.

    • Impact:

    • Clarifies diagnostic and classification approaches for BIH.
    • Provides a framework for managing BIH, aiming to prevent progressive visual impairment.
    • Emphasizes the importance of regular visual field testing for patient prognosis.