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Gold allergy in North America.

J Fowler1, J Taylor, F Storrs

  • 1North American Contact Dermatitis Group.

American Journal of Contact Dermatitis : Official Journal of the American Contact Dermatitis Society
|March 13, 2001
PubMed
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Gold allergy affects 9.5% of patients, particularly women, causing dermatitis on hands, face, and eyelids. This study highlights gold as a common allergen, often co-occurring with nickel and cobalt sensitivities.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Allergology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Contact dermatitis is a common skin condition.
  • Gold allergy prevalence was previously underestimated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of allergic reactions to gold.
  • To identify demographic and clinical associations with gold allergy.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective analysis of patch test results from 12 North American Contact Dermatitis Group (NACDG) centers.
  • Gold sodium thiosulfate (0.5% in petrolatum) was used as a test allergen.
  • 4,101 patients with suspected contact dermatitis were tested.

Main Results:

  • 9.5% (388/4,101) of patients showed a positive patch test reaction to gold.

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  • Gold allergy was significantly more prevalent in women (90.2% of positive cases).
  • Common dermatitis sites included hands (29.6%), face (19.3%), and eyelids (7.5%).
  • Co-existing allergies to nickel (33.5%) and cobalt (18.3%) were frequent in gold-allergic individuals.

    • Conclusions:

    • Gold allergy is more common than previously thought.
    • Gold hypersensitivity is linked to female gender and allergies to nickel and cobalt.
    • Gold may be a significant cause of facial and eyelid dermatitis.