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Exploring race variations in aging and personal control.

B A Shaw1, N Krause

  • 1Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-2029, USA. bashaw@umich.edu

The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences
|March 14, 2001
PubMed
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Older age is linked to lower perceived control for both Black and White individuals. Racial disparities in control persist, with Black individuals reporting lower levels across all age groups.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Sociology
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Perceived control is a key psychological resource influencing well-being.
  • Understanding how age and race interact with perceived control is crucial for public health.
  • Existing research has not fully elucidated racial differences in the age-control relationship.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine if the association between aging and perceived control differs between Black and White populations.
  • To determine if demographic and psychosocial factors explain the age-control relationship similarly across racial groups.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Americans' Changing Lives panel study (Wave 1).
  • Included 357 Black and 2,792 White participants.
  • Assessed perceived control, age, education, health, income, social support, cognitive function, and religiosity.

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Main Results:

  • A nonlinear, inverse relationship was observed between age and perceived control, consistent across racial groups.
  • Black individuals consistently reported lower perceived control than White individuals, irrespective of age.
  • Lower education, income, cognitive function, and higher religiosity were associated with reduced control.
  • Education, income, health, social support, cognitive function, and religiosity collectively explained 69% of the age-control association, with no racial differences in this mediation.

Conclusions:

  • Older age is associated with diminished perceived control in both Black and White adults.
  • Persistent racial disparities in perceived control exist across the lifespan.
  • Black older adults may face compounded disadvantages due to lower perceived control amidst aging challenges.