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Danaparoid sodium.

J M Acostamadiedo1, U G Iyer, J Owen

  • 1Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy
|March 16, 2001
PubMed
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Danaparoid sodium is an antithrombotic agent effective for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis. It is also a valuable treatment for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), despite higher costs and limited assay availability.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology and Thrombosis Research
  • Biochemistry of Glycosaminoglycans

Background:

  • Danaparoid sodium is a heparinoid glycosaminoglycuronan antithrombotic agent.
  • Approved for prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) post-hip replacement surgery.
  • Composed of heparan sulfate (84%), dermatan sulfate (12%), and chondroitin sulfate (4%).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the established antithrombotic activity and clinical applications of danaparoid sodium.
  • To highlight its efficacy in managing heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).
  • To discuss factors limiting its widespread use, including cost and diagnostic assay availability.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pharmacological properties and clinical data on danaparoid sodium.
  • Analysis of its mechanism of action, focusing on inhibition of Factor Xa (FXa) and Factor IIa (FIIa).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparison with heparin and low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) regarding efficacy, safety, and cross-reactivity.

    • Main Results:

    • Danaparoid sodium inhibits FXa and FIIa at a ratio greater than heparin, with minimal platelet effect.
    • Exhibits low cross-reactivity with heparin-induced antibodies, making it suitable for HIT management.
    • Demonstrates effective DVT prophylaxis and is frequently used off-label for HIT treatment.

    Conclusions:

    • Danaparoid sodium is a well-established antithrombotic agent with a favorable profile for DVT prophylaxis and HIT treatment.
    • Its efficacy in HIT management is notable, despite being an off-label indication.
    • Higher cost and limited FXa assay availability impede broader clinical adoption.