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Related Concept Videos

Dosage Regimen: Individualization01:24

Dosage Regimen: Individualization

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Individualization in dosing regimens is the customization of medication doses for individual patients. Its necessity arises from the goal of maximizing therapeutic benefits while minimizing risks. This approach is pivotal because human responses to drugs can vary widely; what is effective for one person may be inadequate or excessive for another. Interpatient (intersubject) variability refers to differences in drug responses between individuals, while intrapatient (intrasubject) variability...
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Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses01:25

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses

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A loading dose is an essential pharmacological strategy to rapidly achieve the target plasma drug concentration necessary for an immediate therapeutic effect. This approach is especially critical for drugs characterized by slow absorption or extended half-lives, where delaying therapeutic plasma levels could compromise treatment outcomes. By administering a loading dose, clinicians ensure a prompt onset of drug action, even for agents with complex pharmacokinetic profiles.Achieving steady-state...
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FDA Approved Drugs: Changes to Approved Drugs01:26

FDA Approved Drugs: Changes to Approved Drugs

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Post-approval, manufacturers may modify an approved new or generic drug product. Such modifications can encompass alterations in the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API), manufacturing process, formulation, batch size, manufacturing site, and container closure system (FDA Guidance for Industry, April 2004). Often, a drug product may undergo multiple changes.These modifications require careful evaluation to determine their potential impact on the drug product's identity, strength, quality,...
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Dose Size and Dosing Frequency: Determination Methods01:21

Dose Size and Dosing Frequency: Determination Methods

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Determining the optimal dose size and dosing frequency in pharmacotherapy is crucial for achieving therapeutic effectiveness while minimizing adverse effects. This article explores the methodologies employed in determining these parameters, focusing on their significance and interplay to tailor dosing regimens.Dose Size: Dose size refers to the amount of a drug administered in a single dose. It is determined based on the drug's pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics properties and...
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Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Dose Adjustments Based on Drug Clearance and Elimination Rate Constant01:25

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Dose Adjustments Based on Drug Clearance and Elimination Rate Constant

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In patients with renal disease, dosage adjustments are necessary to maintain therapeutic plasma drug concentrations and prevent toxicity or subtherapeutic exposure. Renal impairment alters drug pharmacokinetics, especially in conditions like uremia, where changes such as prolonged elimination half-life and altered apparent volume of distribution can significantly affect drug disposition. These changes require careful modification of the dosing regimen to achieve the desired clinical...
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Dosage Regimens: Designs and Approaches01:28

Dosage Regimens: Designs and Approaches

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Designing a dosage regimen, which refers to the manner of drug administration, is a complex process involving the selection of drug dose, route, and frequency. This process is underpinned by pharmacokinetic parameters derived from tests and population averages. These parameters are then tailored to patient-specific variables such as diagnosis, demographics, and allergy status. Once therapy commences, therapeutic response monitoring is critical and achieved through clinical and physical...
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Updated: Oct 16, 2025

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Reflection on the proposed changes to dose quantities-an industrial perspective.

M Lips1, E Anderson2, K Nishida3

  • 1Kernkraftwerk Gösgen-Däniken, Postfach, CH-4658 Däniken, Switzerland.

Journal of Radiological Protection : Official Journal of the Society for Radiological Protection
|October 21, 2021
PubMed
Summary

The International Commission on Radiological Protection is revising radiation protection dose quantities. While beneficial for medical uses, proposed changes offer limited advantages for the nuclear industry, with significant implementation risks and costs.

Keywords:
ICRP Publication 147ICRU Report 95dose quantitiesnuclear industry

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Area of Science:

  • Radiation Protection
  • Dosimetry
  • Nuclear Science

Background:

  • The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) began revising its general recommendations on radiation protection in 2021.
  • Recent publications (ICRP Publication 147, ICRU Report 95) outline proposed modifications to dose quantities.
  • The revisions aim to simplify, enhance accuracy, and broaden the application of dose quantities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the proposed revisions to radiation protection dose quantities.
  • To assess the implications of these changes for various industries, particularly the nuclear sector.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of ICRP Publication 147 and ICRU Report 95.
  • Evaluation of proposed modifications to dose quantities.
  • Assessment of the benefits and drawbacks for the nuclear industry and related sectors.

Main Results:

  • The proposed revisions offer improvements in estimating protection quantities, particularly beneficial for medical and research applications.
  • The benefits of the new dose quantity system appear minimal for the nuclear industry and industries handling naturally occurring radioactive materials.
  • Significant complexity and potential human error risks are associated with transitioning from the established system.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed revisions to radiation protection dose quantities present a mixed outcome.
  • While valuable for medical and research fields, the limited benefits for the nuclear industry may not justify the costs and risks of system change.