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Canadian beef quality audit 1998-99.

J Van Donkersgoed1, G Jewison, S Bygrove

  • 1Canadian Cattlemen's Association, 11 Bruns Road, Lacombe, Alberta T4L 1P1.

The Canadian Veterinary Journal = La Revue Veterinaire Canadienne
|March 29, 2001
PubMed
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The 1998-99 Canadian beef quality audit found increased hide defects and overfinished carcasses, leading to an estimated $274 million annual loss. Improvements in cattle management and genetics are needed to reduce quality nonconformities.

Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Food Science
  • Agricultural Economics

Background:

  • The second Canadian beef quality audit (1998-99) aimed to assess quality defect prevalence and track changes since the 1995 audit.
  • Monitoring beef quality is crucial for industry profitability and consumer satisfaction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of quality defects in slaughtered Canadian cattle.
  • To monitor changes in beef quality defects compared to the 1995 audit.
  • To estimate the economic impact of quality nonconformities on the Canadian beef industry.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated approximately 0.6% of annually processed Canadian cattle.
  • Assessed hide defects (brands, tags), carcass characteristics (bruises, grubs, injection sites), organ quality (livers, heads, tongues), and carcass measurements (weight, ribeye area, fat, marbling).

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  • Analyzed data to identify defect prevalence, severity, distribution, and economic losses.

    • Main Results:

    • Increased prevalence of hide brands (49%) and tags (43%).
    • Decreased horned cattle (5%) and carcass bruises (54%), with most bruises minor.
    • Increased hot carcass weight and ribeye area; improved marbling (Canada AA/AAA); but also increased overfinished carcasses (13%) and significant financial losses ($274 million annually).

    Conclusions:

    • Despite some improvements (reduced bruises, increased marbling), several quality defects persist and have worsened (hide defects, overfinishing).
    • Quality nonconformities result in substantial economic losses for the Canadian beef industry.
    • Further improvements in cattle management, feeding, handling, genetics, marketing, and grading are essential to mitigate quality defects.