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Related Experiment Videos

Os incae: variation in frequency in major human population groups.

T Hanihara1, H Ishida

  • 1Department of Anatomy, Saga Medical School, Japan. hanihara@post.saga-med.ac.jp

Journal of Anatomy
|March 29, 2001
PubMed
Summary

The Inca bone, a skeletal variation, appears most frequently in New World and Sub-Saharan African populations. Its occurrence varies globally, suggesting potential genetic influences beyond regional characteristics.

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Area of Science:

  • Anthropology
  • Human Anatomy
  • Population Genetics

Background:

  • The Inca bone (os Incae) is a variable anatomical feature found in human skulls.
  • Previous studies suggest geographical variations in its frequency, but comprehensive global data is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the global frequency distribution of the Inca bone across diverse human populations.
  • To identify geographical and ethnographical patterns associated with Inca bone occurrence.
  • To explore potential genetic underpinnings of Inca bone variation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of Inca bone frequency data from major human populations worldwide.
  • Comparison of frequencies across geographical regions and ethnic groups.
  • Correlation of observed patterns with ethnographical and genetic considerations.

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Main Results:

  • High frequencies of the Inca bone are observed in New World populations and a second peak is noted in Sub-Saharan Africans.
  • Lower frequencies are found in Northeast Asians, Australians, Central/West Asians, and Europeans.
  • Marginal and isolated groups of Eastern Asian stock exhibit higher frequencies, as do Tibetan/Nepalese and Assam/Sikkim populations.

Conclusions:

  • The geographical distribution of the Inca bone suggests it is not exclusively an Eastern Asian trait.
  • Observed frequency variations indicate that a genetic background for the Inca bone's occurrence cannot be excluded.
  • Further research into the genetic and evolutionary factors influencing Inca bone prevalence is warranted.