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Prostate cancer: contrast-enhanced us for detection.
E J Halpern1, M Rosenberg, L G Gomella
1Department of Radiology, Jefferson Prostate Diagnostic Center, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107-5244, USA. ethan.halpern@mail.tju.edu
Radiology
|March 29, 2001
Summary
Contrast-enhanced transrectal sonography significantly improves prostate cancer detection sensitivity. However, low-volume, low-grade tumors may still be missed.
Area of Science:
- Radiology
- Urology
- Oncology
Background:
- Prostate cancer detection relies on imaging and biopsy.
- Transrectal sonography is a key diagnostic tool.
- Enhancing sonography with contrast agents may improve accuracy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of contrast material-enhanced transrectal sonography for detecting prostate cancer.
- To compare the diagnostic performance of enhanced versus conventional sonography.
Main Methods:
- Sixty subjects underwent conventional and contrast-enhanced transrectal sonography.
- Imaging included gray-scale, harmonic gray-scale, and power Doppler.
- Biopsy sites were scored for malignancy before and after contrast administration.
Main Results:
- Contrast-enhanced sonography improved cancer detection sensitivity from 38% to 65%.
- Specificity remained comparable between baseline and enhanced imaging (83% vs. 80%).
- Diagnostic accuracy was significantly enhanced with contrast (P =.027).
Conclusions:
- Enhanced transrectal sonography increases sensitivity for detecting prostate cancer foci.
- Specificity is maintained without significant loss.
- Low-volume tumors (Gleason score ≤6) may not be detected.