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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...

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Updated: Jul 3, 2026

The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis
23:06

The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis

Published on: August 11, 2008

Tuberculosis notifications in Australia, 1998.

J Camie1, A Christensen, M Eyeson-Annan

  • 1Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, NSW Health Department, Locked Bag 961, North Sydney, NSW, Australia 2059. meyes@doh.health.nsw.gov.au

Communicable Diseases Intelligence
|March 31, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tuberculosis (TB) rates in Australia have remained stable since 1991, with higher incidence observed in overseas-born individuals and Indigenous Australians. Declining TB rates are noted in the non-Indigenous, Australian-born population.

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A Tuberculosis Molecular Bacterial Load Assay (TB-MBLA)
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A Tuberculosis Molecular Bacterial Load Assay (TB-MBLA)

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Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis
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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Disease Surveillance

Background:

  • The National Mycobacterial Surveillance System (NMSS) has monitored tuberculosis (TB) in Australia since 1991.
  • Annual crude notification rates for TB have shown stability between 5 and 6 per 100,000 population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze tuberculosis notification data in Australia for 1998.
  • To identify trends and high-risk populations for TB incidence.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of tuberculosis notification data from the NMSS for the year 1998.
  • Calculation of crude notification rates for new and relapsed TB cases.
  • Stratification of data by country of birth and Indigenous status.

Main Results:

  • In 1998, Australia recorded 923 TB notifications (4.72/100,000 for new cases, 0.21/100,000 for relapsed cases).
  • Overseas-born individuals accounted for 77% of reported TB notifications.
  • Highest TB rates were observed in overseas-born individuals from high prevalence countries and Indigenous Australians.
  • The non-Indigenous, Australian-born population showed the lowest TB rates, with a gradual decline observed over seven years.

Conclusions:

  • Tuberculosis epidemiology in Australia is characterized by stable overall rates but significant disparities.
  • Overseas-born populations and Indigenous Australians represent key demographic groups with elevated TB risk.
  • Ongoing surveillance is crucial for targeted public health interventions to reduce TB burden.