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Splenic tuberculosis presenting as hypersplenism.

P Bora1, S Gomber, V Agarwal

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, Delhi, India.

Annals of Tropical Paediatrics
|April 4, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Tuberculosis can cause massive splenomegaly and hypersplenism, even in children. Early diagnosis and treatment with splenectomy and anti-tuberculous therapy led to a child's recovery.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Massive splenomegaly and hypersplenism present diagnostic challenges, particularly in pediatric cases.
  • Tuberculosis is a common infectious disease but rarely presents with isolated splenic involvement.

Observation:

  • A 9-year-old girl presented with prolonged abdominal distension and fever, exhibiting massive splenomegaly and hypersplenism.
  • Extensive investigations for the splenomegaly were inconclusive, despite a positive Mantoux test.

Findings:

  • Histopathological examination of the spleen post-splenectomy revealed granulomatous lesions characteristic of tuberculosis.
  • The patient demonstrated significant clinical improvement following splenectomy and initiation of anti-tuberculous therapy.

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Implications:

  • Splenic tuberculosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of massive splenomegaly and hypersplenism in children.
  • This case highlights the importance of considering unusual presentations of tuberculosis in pediatric medicine.