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Does surface chemistry affect thrombogenicity of surface modified polymers?
M V Sefton1, A Sawyer, M Gorbet
1Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G9.
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
|April 5, 2001
Summary
Surface chemistry minimally impacted blood cell activation and deposition on most biomaterials. However, specific materials like polyethylene-CF(4) showed higher reactivity, highlighting the need for tailored hemocompatibility testing for cardiovascular devices.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Hemocompatibility Testing
- Surface Chemistry
Background:
- Evaluating the hemocompatibility of cardiovascular devices is crucial for patient safety.
- Standardized assays are needed to screen new blood-contacting biomaterials according to ISO-10993-4.
- Surface chemistry can influence interactions between biomaterials and blood components.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define assays for evaluating hemocompatibility of cardiovascular devices.
- To clarify specific requirements of ISO-10993-4 for biomaterial screening.
- To establish an appropriate screening program for novel blood-contacting biomaterials.
Main Methods:
- Exposure of 12 unmodified and plasma-modified tubings to blood.
- Assessment of platelet and leukocyte activation and cell deposition using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and flow cytometry.
- Characterization of materials using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurements.
- Evaluation of coagulation (PTT) and complement activation (SC5b-9, C3a).
Main Results:
- Most materials showed minimal differences in platelet and leukocyte activation and cell deposition.
- All tested materials activated platelets and leukocytes to detectable levels.
- Polyethylene (PE) was the least reactive, while PE-CF(4) was the most reactive.
- Specific assays like platelet microparticle formation, PTT, and complement activation distinguished material differences.
Conclusions:
- Surface chemistry has a limited, but material-specific, effect on hemocompatibility.
- A combination of assays is effective in differentiating the hemocompatibility of blood-contacting biomaterials.
- The study provides a basis for developing a robust screening program for cardiovascular device materials.