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Limitations of long-path averaging instruments.

D Collins1

  • 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. davecollins@pipeline.com.au.

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)
|April 6, 2001
PubMed
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Long-path averaging instruments can have significant errors in mass flow calculations due to ignoring concentration and velocity variations. Segmenting the averaging path length effectively minimizes these errors.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental monitoring
  • Instrumental analysis

Background:

  • Long-path averaging instruments are used to measure average substance velocity or concentration.
  • These measurements are critical for calculating average concentration and mass flow rate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify limitations in long-path averaging instruments.
  • To propose methods for minimizing these limitations.

Main Methods:

  • Examined limitations including single-dimensional concentration measurement and ignoring velocity effects in average concentration derivation.
  • Estimated errors using covariance of concentration and velocity profiles.
  • Simulated error estimates for various concentration and velocity profiles due to lack of field data.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Significant errors, over 50%, in mass flow calculations were observed for specific concentration and velocity profiles.
  • Segmenting the averaging path length substantially reduced these errors to negligible levels.

Conclusions:

  • Ignoring concentration and velocity variations can lead to substantial errors in mass flow rate calculations.
  • Segmenting the averaging path is a viable method to mitigate these errors.
  • Further research on velocity and concentration profiles is recommended to assess covariance errors across applications.