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Optical coherence tomography in dermatology: a review
1Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany. welzel@medinf.mu-luebeck.de
Summary
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) offers a non-invasive method for skin morphology investigation. This technique shows promise for diagnosing skin diseases and monitoring treatment effects over time.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Dermatology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technique.
- Originally developed for ophthalmology, OCT requires modifications for imaging highly scattering tissues like skin.
- Early studies indicated OCT's potential for skin diagnosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the utility of Optical coherence tomography (OCT) for investigating skin morphology.
- To explore OCT's potential in diagnosing skin conditions and monitoring therapeutic interventions.
Main Methods:
- OCT utilizes Michelson interferometry with superluminescent diodes (1300 nm wavelength).
- Provides 2D images (few mm scan length, ~15 micron resolution, 1.5 mm depth) in real-time.
- The non-invasive measurement has no side effects.
Main Results:
- In vivo OCT images reveal distinct skin layers, including the stratum corneum and epidermis-dermis junction.
- Visualizes architectural changes, adnexal structures, blood vessels, and skin tumors.
- Detects changes associated with inflammatory skin diseases and quantifies treatment effects, such as moisturizer-induced swelling.
Conclusions:
- OCT is a promising bioengineering tool for skin morphology assessment.
- It aids in diagnosing skin diseases and monitoring inflammatory conditions non-invasively.
- OCT offers objective quantification of topical treatment efficacy and tolerance, complementing existing dermatological techniques.